These include triclabendazole in combination with moxidectin, or oxyclozanide in combination with levamisole.Īctives that could be used in young stock include some closantel or nitroxynil products please check SPCs for details.
It is important to note that certain actives are NOT permitted for use in cattle of any age intended to produce milk for human consumption. Other actives can be used in heifers but not after the second trimester of pregnancy as there is no maximum limit set for these actives in milk. "I have pregnant heifers – what can I use?" It must be remembered that if they continue to graze the high-risk pasture after being drenched they could become re-infected and still enter the herd with fluke infection.This will target down to fluke of 2weeks of age. In the autumn and winter where the animals in question have been grazing areas containing snail habitats they are likely to have picked up immature fluke, therefore the best option here is to give an active that will target from the immatures stages, i.e.either oxyclozanide or albendazole or clorsulon (in combination with ivermectin) if worming required too. In the spring and summer it is hoped (depending on your farm situation and topography) that the risk of picking up immature fluke is low, therefore the active of choice should be to target the adults, i.e.Also cull cow slaughterhouse data is invaluable. Fluke antibody testing may give an idea of exposure.These will target the adult fluke over 10 weeks of age- fluke younger than this will be left behind, therefore if there is very heavy infection repeat treatment may be required (or utilise control in the dry period and through grazing management etc). The only flukicides with a milk withhold and that can be used during lactation are albendazole and oxyclozanide.No flukicides have persistent activity so will only remove the fluke that are present (and only the stages the actives kill) at the time of treatment. For adult cows the best option on most farms is to control fluke at drying off to avoid any milk discard.Managing fluke takes thought and forward planning to minimise the impact of fluke on the dairy herd while ensuring compliance with milk withdrawal periods:
Licensed treatment options for adult dairy cows Activeĭry Period only, do not use within 60days of calving Once liver fluke are in the liver they can survive there for months and in many cases years unless an effective treatment is given. See COWS website here for more information on when infectious stages of fluke are likely to be present. Unlike gastrointestinal worms cattle do not develop immunity to liver fluke, therefore any dairy animal grazing pastures with mud snail habitats from August onwards is potentially at risk of fluke infection.
La blessure sur l'égoutier indique qu'il y a eu contact du scolex, mais sa taille écarte l'hypothèse de la douve. Although the shape of the wound on the sanitation worker suggests scolex attachment, the sheer size of the wound precludes involvement of the common fluke worm.